语法
语法包含的内容很多，比较繁杂，每次考试中基本上是一个小题一个语法点，但都是最基本的语法。这也就要求考生比较全面地掌握基本语法。根据历年的考题，常考的语法大体上包括时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词、倒装句、反义疑问句、从句、形容词和副词的比较、主谓一致性、一些固定句型等。下面作简单的讲解。
l.时态
时态在英语语言学习中是最基本的，也是最困惑的难点之一。可以说不学会时态就无法与人交流。有关时态的出题方式，通常要求考生根据已给的题干中的主句或从句中的时态或表示时间的状语部分，判断四个选项中的正确一项。下面的表格(表l～表5)可以帮助考生对比各时态的差别，从而轻松理解、记忆并使用。
表l一般时
|
过去时 |
worked |
He worked 12 hours yesterday． 他昨天工作了12个小时。 |
|
现在时 |
work |
He works for his father． 他为他父亲干活。 |
|
将来时 |
will／shall work |
He will work in a factory as an engineer． 他将在工厂里当工程师。 |
表2进行时
|
过去进行时 |
was／were working |
He was working on his paper when I called him． 我给他打电话时他正在写论文。 |
|
现在进行时 |
is／are／am working |
He is working now． 他正在干活。 |
|
将来进行时 |
will／shall be working |
He will be working on his finals this time tomorrow． 明天的这个时候他会在复习期末考试。 |
表3完成时
|
过去完成时 |
had worked |
He had worked ten hours when you came in． 你进来时他已经干了l0个小时了。 |
|
现在完成时 |
have／has worked |
He has never worked so late this week． 这个星期他还从未工作到如此晚。 |
|
将来完成时 |
will／shall have worked |
He will have finished his work by then． 到那时他已经完成他的工作了。 |
表4完成进行时
|
过去 完成进行时 |
had been working |
He had not been working when I came in． 我进来时他并没有在干活。 |
|
现在 完成进行时 |
have／has been working |
He has been working on his paper all week． 他的论文写了一个星期了。 |
|
将来 完成进行时 |
will／shall have been working |
He will have been working for the boss for ten days tomorrow． 到明天他就应该已经给这个老板干了l0天活了。 |
表5过去将来时
|
过去将来时 |
would／should work |
He said he would not work tomorrow． 他说他明天不上班。 |
|
过去将来 进行时 |
would／should be working |
I never thought that someday I would be working with him． 我从来没想过某一天竞跟他一起做事。 |
|
过去将来 完成时 |
would／should have worked |
He told me that he would have finished his work by the end of September． 他告诉我到九月底他会完成他的工作。 |
