根据下面内容，回答题：
Copernicus was born in Torun, Poland, on February 19,1473. Little is known about his early lifeexcept that his father died when he was 10. An uncle adopted him, his two sisters, and his brother.The uncle saw to it that the two boys received a good education. Copernicus went to the University ofCracow. There he studied such subjects as Latin, mathematics, and astronomy. It was probably at thattime that he changed his Polish name, Niklas Kopperuigk, to the Latin form of Nicolaus Copernicus.In 1496 Copernicus went to Italy,where he spent the next 10 years studying at various universities.In Copernicus' time people still believed that all things--the sun, the stars, and the planetsmoved around the earth. It was an old belief that few men had ever questioned. Aristotle had basedhis theory of astronomy on this belief. Because the Church had long been the center of learning, thetheory was also linked to religious beliefs.
In 1506 Copernicus returned to his homeland. A few years later he began to work for the Church.All those years Copernicus carried on his work in astronomy. He had just the most basic equipmentand, like other scientists of his day, made observations with only his eyes. Still, using mathematics andlogic ,Copernicus worked out a different theory,which held that the planets went around the sun.
Copernicus did not announce his ideas. He did not want to make trouble. But he could not hidethe scientific truth. So he talked about his theory with his friends, who strongly advised him to have his work published. His great book, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies, appeared at the veryend of his life. Copernicus saw the first copy on the day he died, May 24,1543.
44From the passage we can see that astronomy is __________ .
A.the life experience of great menB.the movement of the stars and the planets ,C.the scientific study of natural objects in spaceD.the theories developed by scientists of old times
参考答案：C
参考解析：
从哥白尼学的是天文学(astron.omy)，研究的是太空中的太阳、地球等可知，astronomy就是对太空中天体的研究。
45Copernicus developed his theory __________ .
A.using various telescopesB.based on Aristotle's beliefsC.through observations and reasoningD.under the encouragement of his friends
参考答案：C
参考解析：
根据文章中第三段最后两句可知，哥白尼是通过眼睛观察以及数学和逻辑的方法来进行研究的。
46The writer of the passage wants us to know that__________ .
A.Copernicus did not tell about his discovery until the day of his deathB.for many years Copernicus dared to do nothing openly against the ChurchC.pushed by his friends Copernicus decided to write a book in May 1543D.shortly before he got back to Poland Copernicus started to work for the Church
参考答案：B
参考解析：
根据文中第四段第一句可知，哥白尼起初没有将他的发现公布于世。
47Copernicus had his great book published because __________ .
A.he didn't agree with AristotleB.he could not hide the scientific truthC.he worked for the ChurchD.his friends advised him to do so
参考答案：D
参考解析：
文章第四段第四句表明，哥白尼在朋友的建议下出了书。
根据下面内容，回答题：
In ancient times wealth was measured and exchanged in things that could be touched: food,tools, and precious metals and stones. Then the barter system was replaced by coins, which still hadreal value since they were pieces of rare metal..Coins were followed by fiat money, paper notes thathave value only because everyone agrees to accept them.
Today electronic monetary systems are gradually being introduced that will transform money intoeven less tangible forms, reducing it to a series of "bits and bytes", or units of computerized informa-tion, going between machines at the speed of light. Already, electronic fund transfer allows money tobe instantly sent and received by different banks, companies, and countries through computers andtelecommunications devices.
48According to the passage, which of the following was the earliest kind of exchange of wealth?
A.Bartered goods.B.Fiat money.C.Coin currency.D.Intangible forms.
参考答案：A
参考解析：
根据文中第一段第一句可知，最早的财富交换形式是物物交换。
49The author mentions food, tools and precious metals and stones together because they are all
A.useful itemsB.articles of valueC.difficult things to obtainD.material objects
参考答案：D
参考解析：
根据文中第一段第一句中所提到的“things that could be touched...”可知，后面列举的东西都是真实可触及的物体。
50According to the passage, coins once had real value as currency because they
A.represented a great improvement over barterB.permitted easy transportation of wealthC.were made of precious metalsD.could become collector's items
参考答案：C
参考解析：
根据文中第一段第二句中“since theywere pieces of rare metal”指出，硬币正是因为它们自身的价值因此被用作货币的。
51Which of the following statements about computeriz monetary systems is NOT support-ed by the passage?
A.They promote international trade.B.They allow very rapid money transfers.C.They are still limited to small transactions(交易 ).D.They are dependent on good telecommunications systems.
参考答案：C
参考解析：
根据文章第二段可知，现代货币系统是电子的，快捷便利，具有相当的规模，不受地域的限制等，可知C项不正确，故选C项。
根据下面内容，回答题：
There has been, in history, a man who was swallowed by a whale and lived to tell the tale. Theman's name is James Bartley. The records to prove his unusual experience are in the British Admiralty.Bartley was making his first trip on the whaling ship Star of the East. Suddenly the lookoutsighted a huge sperm whale. The whalers knew it was a huge whale by the size of the spray it blewinto the air. They lowered their small boats. James.Bartley was in the first longboat. The men roweduntil they were close to the whale. A harpoon was thrown and it found its mark. It sank into thewhale's flesh. The maddened beast crashed into the boat, snapping its tail at the men and the wreck-age of their boats. When the survivors were picked up, James Bartley was missing.
Shortly before sunset, the whale was finally captured. The sailors tied the whale's dead body tothe side of the ship. Because of the hot weather it was important that they cut up the whale rightaway. Otherwise, the meat would 'begin to rot and the oil would begin to spoil. When they got to thestomach,they felt something moving about wildly. They thought it would be a big fish still alive in-side. But when they opened the stomach they found James Bartley. After this trip, Bartley settled inEngland, and never returned to sea.
52This passage is mainly about __________ .
A.how to hunt whales for their oil and meatB.the hard and dangerous lives that whalers had to liveC.the duties of each man on a whaling shipD.a man who was swallowed by a whale and lived
参考答案：D
参考解析：
文章讲的是一次事件，人被鲸鱼吞人肚中却活着出来了。D项是正确的。第52
53The sailors knew that something was in the whale's stomach because __________ .
A.they could feel it moving about wildlyB.the whale seemed very heavyC.the whale was swelling at one spotD.the captain heard Bartley yelling for help
参考答案：A
参考解析：
水手们能感觉到鲸鱼的胃里有东西在动。A项是正确的。
54James Bartley probably never went to sea again because __________ .
A.he wanted different kinds of adventuresB.of fright and shockC.he was crippled by the whaleD.he often got seasick
参考答案：B
参考解析：
最后一段说James Bartley自从这个事件后再也没有回到海上，可以推断他很害怕。其他三个选项文中都未涉及。B项是正确的。
55The author,in telling James Bartley's story,informs us by__________ .
A.narrating the plain factsB.referring to whaling in generalC.comparing whaling to other fishingD.dramatically telling what happened
参考答案：D
参考解析：
文章讲述了事件的戏剧性过程。D项是正确的。
V. Daily Conversation ( 15 points)
Directions:Pick out five appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and completethe following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
根据下面内容，回答题：
A: Jack,would you please read the letter of application I've just written. 56 I really want to getthe job.
B:It looks fine to me. But I have one suggestion.A:Good! I'm interested in your advice.
B: 57 You'd better include more information about your work experience.,A:Good idea,Jack. What do you think about the second part?
B: 58
A:You're right. I'll change it. How do you fee1 about the last part of the letter?B:Very good. 59
A:I agree. 60 Do you think the end is all right?
B : Oh, yes, George. But personally I believe a business letter should end with "Very truly yours", not "Sincerely".
A : Thank you very much, Jack.
第56题应填( )
参考答案：D
第57题应填( )
参考答案：B
第58题应填( )
参考答案：C
第59题应填( )
参考答案：F
第60题应填( )
参考答案：A
VI. Writing (25 points)
Directions:For this part, you are supposed to write a composition of about 100 -120 wordsbased on the following situation. Remember to write it clearly.
61写一篇记述在海滨度周末的日记，内容应包括以下几点：
(1)初夏，风和日丽;
(2)有很多游人和小船;
(3)我们捡贝壳(shell);
(4)日光浴(Sun bathe)玩得很愉快。
参考解析：
June l8，2012，Saturday Fine
Yesterday some of my classmates and I spent OIlYweekend at the seaside.
It was sunny and a little hot，but the water was toocool to swim in.The sea was blue and calm.It shone met-rily under the bright sun.There were boats floating hereand there.People in them laughed and sang happily.
We took off our shoes and went into the cool water.We walked along the beach in the water.Some girlslooked for shells on the shore.Then we lay down andbathed in the sun or played games until it Was time to gohome.
We all enjoyed a pleasant time at the seaside.
